jhellden:

Bilateral goundou on a skeleton of an adolescent

Yaws is almost wiped out as a disease. It is related to syphilis and is caused by a spirochete bacterium, Treponema pallidum pertenue. The development of antibiotics blew out the disease in the developed world and is today only found in humid tropical regions in South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania.

Goundou is a condition following an infection with yaws in which the nasal processes of the upper jaw bone thicken to form two large bony swellings, about 7 cm in diameter, on either side of the nose. The swellings not only obstruct the nostrils but also interfere with the field of vision. Initial symptoms include persistent headache and a bloody purulent discharge from the nose.

Early cases can be treated with injections of penicillin; otherwise surgical removal of the growths is necessary.

Left image, the upper jaw and mandible are deformed by an osteoperiostitis but the rest of the skull is intact.

Right image, the round excrescences caused a major reduction of the visual field and nasal aperture.